Whats the difference between becoming immune to a bacteria or a virus?

Question

In the case of bacterial immunity, the antibody is bonded to the ribosomes. I didn't think virus's had these so how does it work for them. Also maybe explain a little about the details of the process to refresh me on both cases. Thank you.

Answer 1

I don't know what you are looking for but in general:

Viruses (intracelluar) stimulate a Th1 response with CD8 Tcells.  It involves cytokines like IFN gamma and stimulates macrophages.

Bacteria (mostly extracellular) stimulate at Th2 responce with CD4 cells.This leads to a bunch of cytokines that stimulate B-cells that become plasma cells and make antibodies.  

Bacteria-mostly inactivated by antibodies (humoral immunity)

Viruses-these are killed by killing the cell that they have infected

Answer 2

A virus takes more time to develop immunity to because it usually changes form or has a shape that the antibodies need to get used to in adjusting their on signals with. It's mostly about adaptability and changing shapes.

Answer 3

No.  Antibodies cannot enter bacterial cells, so they can never reach the ribosomes.

Abs that recognize a bacteria pathogen simply mark it so a phagocytic cell can eat it.

Virus neutralizing Abs block the receptor of a virus preventing it from attaching to a cell.  Abs can also mark viruses for phagocytes.

Intracellular bacteria and viruses also stimulate cell mediated immunity.  The T cell recognizes foreign proteins on the infected cell's surface and activate other cells.  Specialized T cells will kill infected cells.

In both cases B (Ab produces) and T cells' genome randomly rearranges during maturation.  If they happen to recognize a protein on an invader, they are stimulated to divide.  Once activated, they will exist at higher levels so the next infection can be fought much more easily.

There is also the nonspecific immune system that does not require activation.